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| According to the American Bird Conservancy (ABC), glass collisions claim the lives of up to a billion birds annually in the U.S.
| We have seen rapid expansion in the last decade of laminated glass design using modern analytical and computational methods.
| Time-temperature superposition principle is widely used to generate interlayer modulus properties in the form of mastercurves for use in glass design.
| Historically, monolithic tempered glass has been primarily used in North America, but with the recent changes to the International Building Code (IBC 2015), laminates with heat strengthened or tempered glass are now required.
| This paper presents an evaluation of the use of annealed laminated glass incorporating the stiffer PVB interlayers.
| Cantilevered laminated glass balustrades supported by bearing in continuous base shoes are among the most ordinary applications of structural glass.
| Increasing demands on security in an uncertain world have to be considered additionally by the building industry. Nowadays, largesized glazing in the building envelope cannot disregard safety requirements.
| The paper describes the research and development of phosphorescent glass.
| Laminated glass panels installed in structurally glazed applications may not always have the full laminate glass thickness supported along its bottom edge.
| This paper was first presented at GPD 2019 by Dr. W.M. Stevels from Eastman Chemical Company.
| Due to the tension stiffening of the polymeric interlayer resulting from the adhesion with the glass shards, laminated glass maintains significant stiffness and strength even when all glass plies are broken.
| In a flat glass laminating oven, glass-film sandwiches are located on rotating rollers and conveyed through a heating chamber in a continuous flow.
| The use of laminated glass in structural applications has become more recognized and preferred as a safer choice to monolithic tempered or heat strengthen glass.
| Laminated glass deteriorates with time when subject to different environmental conditions. In this work, the impact of different environmental conditions on post-fracture performance is investigated by means of through-crack tensile tests on small scale PVB laminates.
| Architectural preferences for commercial building continue towards increased transparency resulting in large lites of glass with minimal visual obstruction.
| Insulating glass has been used around the world in applications ranging from family homes to high-scale construction.
| A Growing Market to Meet Present and Future Challenges
| As a modern society, we’re spending about 90% of our time indoors – at home, in offices or commuting. How is it possible to get access to daylight, when we can’t naturally be outside? By making buildings more transparent.
| As digitalization becomes a strategic discipline in almost all enterprises and industries, the glass processing business is no exception.
| The use of laminated safety glass instead of single glass sheets is especially important in order to mitigate the risks of potential post-breakage behaviour and thus for the fixation of glass fragments in case of damage to the glass.
| Warm-bent laminated glass is obtained by elastically curving glass plies against a constraining negative mould and by performing, in this condition, the lamination process in autoclave.
| This paper will present exposure protocols including natural weathering, sealants, salt fog and immersion that are used to determine the edge stability characteristic of laminated glass configurations.
| Safety standards are constantly rising in all possible areas in which glass is used or installed – which is the reason why lamination is also becoming increasingly important in the glass industry.
| This paper aims to present the different type of modulus data that have recently become available in terms of conventional load scenarios, and analyze the effect of different modulus data sources on effective thickness.
| Glass balustrades are a common application of laminated glass, wherein the glass panel acts as a structural member that is required to sustain lateral design loads as stipulated by building regulations.